Monday, 29 July 2013

PFlesh test ex Microsoft - Test your document's readability

Oh dear - poor O'Connor! see below..gs




▼  July (22)

http://office.microsoft.com/en-au/word-help/test-your-document-s-readability-HP010148506.aspx

Test your document's readability

When Microsoft Office Outlook and Microsoft Office Word finish checking the spelling and grammar, you can choose to display information about the reading level of the document, including readability scores according to the following tests:
  • Flesch Reading Ease
  • Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level
What do you want to do?

Enable readability statistics

Which program are you using?

Outlook

  1. On the Tools menu, click Options.
  2. Click the Spelling tab, and then click Spelling and AutoCorrection.
  3. Click Proofing.
  4. Under When correcting grammar in Outlook, select the Check grammar with spelling check box.
  5. Select the Show readability statistics check box.
After you enable this feature, open a file that you want to check, and check the spelling. When Outlook or Word finishes checking the spelling and grammar, it displays information about the reading level of the document.

Word

  1. Click the Microsoft Office ButtonButton image, and then click Word Options.
  2. Click Proofing.
  3. Make sure Check grammar with spelling is selected.
  4. Under When correcting grammar in Word, select the Show readability statistics check box.

Understand readability scores

Each readability test bases its rating on the average number of syllables per word and words per sentence. The following sections explain how each test scores your file's readability.

Flesch Reading Ease test

This test rates text on a 100-point scale. The higher the score, the easier it is to understand the document. For most standard files, you want the score to be between 60 and 70.
The formula for the Flesch Reading Ease score is:
206.835 – (1.015 x ASL) – (84.6 x ASW)
where:
ASL = average sentence length (the number of words divided by the number of sentences)
ASW = average number of syllables per word (the number of syllables divided by the number of words)

Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level test

This test rates text on a U.S. school grade level. For example, a score of 8.0 means that an eighth grader can understand the document. For most documents, aim for a score of approximately 7.0 to 8.0.
The formula for the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level score is:
(.39 x ASL) + (11.8 x ASW) – 15.59
where:
ASL = average sentence length (the number of words divided by the number of sentences)
ASW = average number of syllables per word (the number of syllables divided by the number of words)

Understand how languages affect readability scores

The languages that you use in a document can affect how your Microsoft Office program checks and presents readability scores.
  • If you set up Word to check the spelling and grammar of text in other languages, and a document contains text in multiple languages, Word displays readability statistics for text in the last language that was checked. For example, if a document contains three paragraphs — the first in English, the second in French, and the third in English — Word displays readability statistics for the English text only.
  • For some European languages within an English document, Word displays only information about counts and averages, not readability.
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WIKI: Flesch–Kincaid readability tests

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flesch%E2%80%93Kincaid_readability_tests



Flesch–Kincaid readability tests


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Flesch/Flesch–Kincaid readability tests are readability tests designed to indicate comprehension difficulty when reading a passage of contemporary academic English. There are two tests, the Flesch Reading Ease, and the Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level. Although they use the same core measures (word length and sentence length), they have different weighting factors. The results of the two tests correlate approximately inversely: a text with a comparatively high score on the Reading Ease test should have a lower score on the Grade Level test. Rudolf Fleschdevised both systems while J. Peter Kincaid developed the latter for the United States Navy. Such readability tests suggest that many Wikipedia articles may be "too sophisticated" for their readers.[1]

Contents

  [hide] 

History[edit]

"The Flesch–Kincaid" (F–K) Reading grade level was developed under contract to the United States Navy in 1975 by J. Peter Kincaid and his team.[2] Other related United States Navy research directed by Kincaid delved into high tech education (for example, the electronic authoring and delivery of technical information);[3] usefulness of the Flesch–Kincaid readability formula;[4] computer aids for editing tests;[5] illustrated formats to teach procedures;[6] and the Computer Readability Editing System (CRES).[7]
The F-K formula was first used by the United States Army for assessing the difficulty of technical manuals in 1978 and soon after became the Department of Defense military standard. TheCommonwealth of Pennsylvania was the first state in the United States to require that automobile insurance policies be written at no higher than a ninth grade level (14 to 15 years of age) of reading difficulty, as measured by the F-K formula. This is now a common requirement in many other states and for other legal documents such as insurance policies.[4]

Flesch Reading Ease[edit]

In the Flesch Reading Ease test, higher scores indicate material that is easier to read; lower numbers mark passages that are more difficult to read. The formula for the Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES) test is
206.835 - 1.015 \left ( \frac{\mbox{total words}}{\mbox{total sentences}} \right ) - 84.6 \left ( \frac{\mbox{total syllables}}{\mbox{total words}} \right ) [8]
Scores can be interpreted as shown in the table below.
ScoreNotes
90.0–100.0easily understood by an average 11-year-old student
60.0–70.0easily understood by 13- to 15-year-old students
0.0–30.0best understood by university graduates
Reader's Digest magazine has a readability index of about 65, Time magazine scores about 52, an average 6th grade student's (a 13-year-old) written assignment has a readability test of 60–70 (and a reading grade level of 6–7), and the Harvard Law Review has a general readability score in the low 30s. The highest (easiest) readability score possible is around 120 (e.g. every sentence consisting of only two one-syllable words). The score does not have a theoretical lower bound. It is possible to make the score as low as you want by arbitrarily including words with many syllables. This sentence, for example, taken as a reading passage unto itself, has a readability score of about thirty-three. The sentence, "The Australian platypus is seemingly a hybrid of a mammal and reptilian creature" is a 24.4 as it has 26 syllables and 13 words. One particularly long sentence about sharks in chapter 64 of Moby-Dick has a readability score of -146.77.[9]
Many government agencies require documents or forms to meet specific readability levels.
The U.S. Department of Defense uses the Reading Ease test as the standard test of readability for its documents and forms.[10] Florida requires that life insurance policies have a Flesch Reading Ease score of 45 or greater.[11]
Use of this scale is so ubiquitous that it is bundled with popular word processing programs and services such as KWord, IBM Lotus Symphony, Microsoft Office Word, WordPerfect, andWordPro.
Polysyllabic words affect this score significantly more than they do the grade level score.

Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level[edit]

These readability tests are used extensively in the field of education. The "Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level Formula" translates the 0–100 score to a U.S. grade level, making it easier for teachers, parents, librarians, and others to judge the readability level of various books and texts. It can also mean the number of years of education generally required to understand this text, relevant when the formula results in a number greater than 10. The grade level is calculated with the following formula:
0.39 \left ( \frac{\mbox{total words}}{\mbox{total sentences}} \right ) + 11.8 \left ( \frac{\mbox{total syllables}}{\mbox{total words}} \right ) - 15.59
The result is a number that corresponds with a grade level. For example, a score of 8.2 would indicate that the text is expected to be understandable by an average student in year 8 in the United Kingdom or an 8th grade student in the United States. The sentence, "The Australian platypus is seemingly a hybrid of a mammal and reptilian creature" is a 13.1 as it has 26 syllables and 13 words.
The lowest grade level score in theory is −3.40, but there are few real passages in which every sentence consists of a single one-syllable word. Green Eggs and Ham by Dr. Seuss comes close, averaging 5.7 words per sentence and 1.02 syllables per word, with a grade level of −1.3. (Most of the 50 used words are monosyllabic; "anywhere", which occurs 8 times, is the only exception.)

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Anderson, Kent (September 24, 2012). "Wikipedia’s Writing — Tests Show It’s Too Sophisticated for Its Audience". Scholarly Kitchen. Retrieved December 7, 2012.
  2. ^ Kincaid, J.P., Fishburne, R.P., Rogers, R.L., & Chissom, B.S. (1975). Derivation of New Readability Formulas (Automated Readability Index, Fog Count, and Flesch Reading Ease formula) for Navy Enlisted Personnel. Research Branch Report 8-75. Chief of Naval Technical Training: Naval Air Station Memphis.
  3. ^ Kincaid JP, Braby R, Mears J (1988). "Electronic authoring and delivery of technical information". Journal of Instructional Development 11: 8–13.
  4. ^ a b McClure G (1987). "Readability formulas: Useful or useless. (an interview with J. Peter Kincaid.)". IEEE Transactions on Professional Communications 30: 12–15.
  5. ^ Kincaid JP, Braby R, Wulfeck WH II (1983). "Computer aids for editing tests". Educational Technology 23: 29–33.
  6. ^ Braby R, Kincaid JP, Scott P, McDaniel W (1982). "Illustrated formats to teach procedures".IEEE Transactions on Professional Communications 25: 61–66.
  7. ^ Kincaid JP, Aagard JA, O'Hara JW, Cottrell LK (1981). "Computer Readability Editing System".IEEE Transactions on Professional Communications 24 (1): 38–42. (also reported in Aviation Week and Space Technology, 11 January 1982, pp. 106-107.)
  8. ^ http://www.editcentral.com/gwt1/EditCentral.html
  9. ^ http://www.gutenberg.org/files/2701/2701-h/2701-h.htm#2HCH0064
  10. ^ Luo Si, et al. (5–10 November 2001). "A Statistical Model for Scientific Readability". Atlanta, GA, USA: CIKM '01.
  11. ^ "Readable Language in Insurance Policies"

Further references[edit]

External links[edit]

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OH BRENDAN!!! Brendan O'Connor

http://www.openaustralia.org/mp/brendan_o%27connor/gorton


Brendan O'Connor MP

Photo of Brendan O'Connor
  • Australian Labor Party Representative for Gorton
  • Minister for Employment, Skills and Training (since 1 Jul 2013)
  • Entered House of Representatives on 10 November 2001 — General election
  • Email me whenever Brendan O'Connor speaks (no more than once per day)

RSS feedMost recent appearances in parliament

Matters of Public Importance: Asylum Seekers (20 Jun 2013)
“Look, if we were to agree upon this in the parliament, we would be able to return people to a transit country safely. We would be able to do that without potentially causing the deaths of our own personnel, causing deaths of men, women and children on the high sea. Even if you had any doubt about it at all—even though this has been recommended by the former Chief of the Defence Force...”
Matters of Public Importance: Asylum Seekers (20 Jun 2013)
“I rise to respond to the member for Cook. Firstly, I would like also to reflect on Refugee Day today. I think it is important that the parliament recognise a very important day for refugees around the world. In fact, on Saturday I was at an event recognising our 800,000th refugee—just in excess of what was referred to by the member for Cook—arriving and being settled in Australia...”
Questions without Notice: Migration (19 Jun 2013)
“These are the sorts of games we expect from the opposition. They do not want to talk about this matter, because in the end they are not concerned about Australian workers. This is the party of Work Choices trying to prevent opportunities for Australians. This is the party of Work Choices trying to deny young graduates entry-level professional jobs. These reforms are necessary to ensure they...”
RSS feed (?)

Numbers

Please note that numbers do not measure quality. Also, Representatives may do other things not currently covered by this site. (More about this)
  • Has spoken in 32 debates in the last year — below average amongst Representatives.
  • People have made 1 comment on this Representative's speeches — average amongst Representatives.
  • This Representative's speeches are understandable to an average 18–19 year old, going by the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level score.
  • 26 people are tracking whenever this Representative speaks — email me whenever Brendan O'Connor speaks.
  • Has used three-word alliterative phrases (e.g. "she sells seashells") 318 times in debates — above average amongst Representatives. (Why is this here?)

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MY SOCIALIST DYSTOPIA AND EX GOOGLE RE NOLO CONTENDER!



  1. http://socialistdystopia.blogspot.com.au/2012/12/the-labor-top-dozen-december-90-pvo.html








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    Dec 31, 2012 - ODE TO THE NEW YEAR: THE LABOR TOP DOZEN - The usually Laboured top - ten list of the much - copied puerile David Letterman 'Top ...

  2. Socialist Dystopia: Whither art thou, the National Press Club? 

    socialistdystopia.blogspot.com/.../whither-art-thou-national-press-club.ht...‎
    Jul 16, 2013 - Socialist Dystopia ... nolo contendere (no-low kahn-ten-durr-ray) n. ...The defendant who pleads nolo contendere submits for a udgment fixing ...

  3. Socialist Dystopia: 15 catastrophies running simultaneously. 

    socialistdystopia.blogspot.com/.../15-catastrophies-running-simultaneousl...‎
    Apr 11, 2013 - Socialist Dystopia ... Who but socialists could for decades abuse the term 'economic rationalism' - without humiliation? ... NOLO CONTENDERE.

  4. Socialist Dystopia: Hello Michael Danby - I hear you are crossing the ... 

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    Dec 2, 2012 - Socialist Dystopia. The modus vivendi of this blog is plainly self explanatory. Pathetically,'progressives' regularly promote implausable, ...

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  6. Socialist Dystopia: LYNCH and REES positions untenable 

    socialistdystopia.blogspot.com/.../the-spokesman-also-said-it-was-not.ht...‎
    Dec 9, 2012 - Socialist Dystopia. The modus vivendi of this blog is plainly self explanatory. Pathetically,'progressives' regularly promote implausable, ...

  7. Socialist Dystopia: They are same decadent atavistic fading ... 

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    Dec 9, 2012 - Socialist Dystopia. The modus vivendi of this blog is plainly self explanatory. Pathetically,'progressives' regularly promote implausable, ...

  8. Socialist Dystopia: The left are different. 

    socialistdystopia.blogspot.com/2012/12/the-left-are-different.html‎
    Dec 28, 2012 - Socialist Dystopia. The modus vivendi of this blog is plainly self explanatory. Pathetically,'progressives' regularly promote implausable, ...
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